Learning Objectives

Understand segmental and surgical liver anatomy relevant to both open and laparoscopic liver resections.

Demonstrate techniques of safe parenchymal transection, including energy devices and vascular control strategies (e.g., Pringle maneuver).

Perform bile duct identification and dissection with attention to anatomical variants.

Execute hepatobiliary anastomoses, including: Duct-to-duct anastomosis, Hepaticojejunostomy (Roux-en-Y)

Manage intraoperative challenges such as bleeding, bile leaks, and difficult hilum.

Interpret imaging and intraoperative findings for planning resection and reconstruction.